GEM are Ground Electromagnetic Survey Specialists
EM provides crutial geophysical information for Explorers to define or discover prospects within their project area
During an Electromagnetic survey, an electric current is pulsed through a large transmitter loop generating a primary magnetic field. The decay of the primary field produces a secondary magnetic field with amplitude proportional to ground conductivity. Ground Electromagnetic techniques are proficient in direct detection of conductive sulfide deposits, in which large conductivity contrasts exist between the orebodies and host rocks or overburden cover. EM surveys rely on the response of the ground to variations in electric and magnetic forces where the target is moderately to highly conductive.
Using the principle of induction, EM surveys involve the generation of a primary magnetic field on and below the ground’s surface, an electric current of known frequency and magnitude. The primary field spreads and changes as it encounters conductors in the ground. The depth of penetration of an EM field depends upon its frequency and the electrical conductivity of the medium through which it is propagating.
The magnetic component of an EM field penetrating through ground induces alternating currents or “eddy currents” to flow within the conductor in the presence of a conducting orebody. The “eddy currents” generate their own secondary EM field distorting the primary field. The subsequent measuring of the response occurs as it propagates through the subsurface. The response differs in phase, amplitude, and direction. The ratio of the magnitudes of the primary and secondary currents is proportional to the terrain conductivity.
The differences between transmitted, and received EM field reveal the presence of a conductor. Providing information on its geometry and electrical properties. Conductivity and resistivity are the inverse of each other. Resistive zones will return a weak response whereas conductive zones will return a strong response. These changes are detected by receivers as data which is then processed to provide crutial information about the conducting material in terms of geometry and intensity.
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